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What did RFdiffusion enable?

It generated protein backbones with specified structural features, using a diffusion model built from RoseTTAFold. A separate sequence-design model could then propose sequences for those structures.

What did RFdiffusion enable? - 2023 report, slide 59
What did RFdiffusion enable?. 2023 report, slide 59 (PDF page 59)

How to read this finding

Variant labels are model predictions, not clinical diagnoses. Meteorologist rankings compare forecasts in a particular evaluation. Protein generation supplies candidates whose function must be established through appropriate experiments.

Read the full AI for science section

Evidence you can use

AI for science in the 2023 report

Historical snapshot: October 2023. Dates and populations are specified per row.

AI for science in the 2023 report
MeasureReported valueDefinition and source
AlphaMissense predictions71M missense variantsPredicted effects across the human proteome, not 71 million clinically confirmed classifications.2023 report, slide 62 (PDF page 62)
NowcastNet expert evaluators62 meteorologistsProfessional meteorologists in China who evaluated the reported forecasts.2023 report, slide 57 (PDF page 57)
NowcastNet first-place ranking71% of casesShare of evaluated cases ranked first among compared methods; not forecast accuracy across all weather.2023 report, slide 57 (PDF page 57)

Variant labels are model predictions, not clinical diagnoses. Meteorologist rankings compare forecasts in a particular evaluation. Protein generation supplies candidates whose function must be established through appropriate experiments.

Sources and dates

Historical snapshot published October 12, 2023. This web edition was prepared on October 10, 2026 from the online deck and original launch posts. Findings and forecasts retain their original time frame.

  1. 2023 report, slide 57 (PDF page 57)Original 2023 report. Printed slide numbers match PDF page numbers in this edition.
  2. 2023 report, slide 59 (PDF page 59)Original 2023 report. Printed slide numbers match PDF page numbers in this edition.
  3. 2023 report, slide 62 (PDF page 62)Original 2023 report. Printed slide numbers match PDF page numbers in this edition.
  4. State of AI Report 2023: online slides
  5. Nathan Benaich: The State of AI Report 2023Air Street Press, October 12, 2023.
  6. Welcome to State of AI Report 2023Original website launch post, October 12, 2023.

Cite this page

Benaich, Nathan. “What did RFdiffusion enable?.” State of AI Report 2023. Historical report snapshot; web edition prepared 2026-10-10.