{
  "title": "Robotics in the 2023 report",
  "report_year": 2023,
  "period": "Historical snapshot: October 2023. Dates and populations are specified per row.",
  "methodology": "RT-2 specifications and Swift racing outcomes describe different systems. Racing performance does not establish general robotics capability, and inference frequency is not a success rate for manipulation tasks.",
  "source_deck": "https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/156WpBF_rGvf4Ecg19oM1fyR51g4FAmHV3Zs0WLukrLQ/edit",
  "web_edition_date": "2026-10-10",
  "rows": [
    {
      "measure": "Largest RT-2 model",
      "value": "55B parameters",
      "definition": "Largest vision-language-action model described in the report.",
      "printed_slide": 45,
      "pdf_page": 45,
      "source_url": "https://www.stateof.ai/State-of-AI-Report-2023.pdf#page=45"
    },
    {
      "measure": "RT-2 control frequency",
      "value": "1-3 Hz",
      "definition": "Reported inference frequency for the largest model served through a multi-TPU cloud system.",
      "printed_slide": 45,
      "pdf_page": 45,
      "source_url": "https://www.stateof.ai/State-of-AI-Report-2023.pdf#page=45"
    },
    {
      "measure": "Swift human opponents",
      "value": "3 champions",
      "definition": "Human champions in the reported drone-racing comparison; Swift won several races.",
      "printed_slide": 47,
      "pdf_page": 47,
      "source_url": "https://www.stateof.ai/State-of-AI-Report-2023.pdf#page=47"
    }
  ]
}